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Underlying factors behind the low participation rate in electronic waste recycling


31 Desember 2019 / Global Journal of Environmental Science and Management (GJESM); Tehran Vol. 6, Iss. 2, Serial Number 22, (Spring 2020): 203 - 214. DOI: 10.22034/GJESM.2020.02.06.

This study aims to understand influential factors for Jakarta’s residents to participate in a formal electronic waste recycling programme. It questions the efficacy of providing facilities to collect electronic waste despite the lack of legislated regulations or policies. Using the goal-framing theory as a foundation, a survey conducted on 208 respondents in 2018 revealed that selling obsolete electronic devices to peddlers or retaining them at home were standard practices in society, and only 2% of respondents recycled their electronic waste at formal facilities. The results show that electronic waste recycling intention correlates highest with information and convenience, 0.521 and 0.411, respectively. While knowledge has the least correlative value with attitude and intention, that is 0.204 and 0.240. It clarifies that the normative goal is weaker than hedonic and gain goals. Respondents had enough awareness about the hazards of electronic waste. However, their behaviour did not exhibit it. It is imperative to lessen the gap between normative and hedonic goals by campaigning continuously and place the facilities at easily accessible locations to increase recycling participation. Furthermore, collecting electronic waste requires a collaboration between the government and electronics businesses, and must be supported by a legal framework.
2019_ART_PP_GJES01.pdf


Applying a stock-based model for estimating the amount of personal computer waste


02 Oktober 2019 / IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, Volume 456, The 10th International Conference on Green Technology (ICGT) "Empowering the Fourth Industrial Revolution through Green Science and Technology" 2-3 October 2019, Malang, Indonesia.

The fourth industrial revolution has triggered an increase in the demand for information and communication technology equipment. Computers are useful in modern days and it is reflected in the ownership of these appliances which experienced steady growth in recent years. In 2017, about 20% of Indonesian households possess these devices. Undoubtedly, it will correspond to the escalating volume of computer waste. Furthermore, it raises concerns since valuable as well as toxic materials are embedded in e-waste. On the other hand, proper e-waste management is absent in the country. The current study aims to quantify the amount of computer waste generated in Indonesia by applying a stock-based model. The flow model is developed based on the secondary data of household ownership of computers, and the usage period is estimated using the lifetime distribution. The result indicates that computer lifespan in the country is 4.51 years. Besides, the 15 years prediction shows that in 2012 and 2026 the quantity of computer waste is about 1.16 million and 7.47 million respectively. It implies that the amount of e-waste will continue to increase. Therefore, it is imperative to design and implement sustainable e-waste management.
2020_ART_PP_IOPS01.pdf


Assessing materials from hoarded mobile phones: hidden e-waste subject for reverse logistics


22 Agustus 2019 / IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, Volume 703, International Conference on Informatics, Technology and Engineering 22–23 August 2019, Bali, Indonesia. doi:10.1088/1757-899X/703/1/012021.

The advancement of communication technology is shortening the lifetime of mobile phones (MP), resulting in a phenomenal increase in mobile phones waste (MPW). However, instead of recycling their obsolete devices, customers shelved MPW for the personal data stored inside. This study aims to estimate secondary minerals contained in MPW stockpiled by Indonesians. "Consumption and used" method was employed to assess the quantity of MPW generated in this country based on the data of mobile subscribers. Considering that MP life span was around 3 years, and about 38% of obsolete MP were hoarded by their owners, this study revealed that about 339.69 million units of MPW were waiting to enter the reversed logistics. This volume of MPW may generate economic intrinsic at approximately USD 508 million from valuable metals such as 80,949 Kg of silver, 8,873 Kg of gold, and 2,547 Kg of palladium. It implied that hoarding MPW impedes the noble goal of recycling; that is to promote sustainable materials management (SMM) since mining precious metals from e-waste will reduce the demand of virgin minerals directly extracted from nature and reduce the environmental impact. This paper highlighted that it is imperative to develop a sustainable system to support the mineral supply chain.
2019_ART_PP_IOPS01.pdf